.

Showing posts with label how to garden on a budget. Show all posts
Showing posts with label how to garden on a budget. Show all posts

5 Spring Planning Things To Do

The holidays are almost past and that means it is time to start thinking and planning for the spring garden. Below are 5 things to do to start planning for that spring garden. Aside from getting a better start each year making the to do list puts my mind on the sunny days ahead rather than the cloudy cold days overhead!

    1. Get rid of the old catalogs! I have a habit of keeping the old seed catalogs way too long. This year I'll recycle any that aren't current. Some people like to clip out their favorite plants from those old catalogs to save in a notebook of some kind for future reference - I'm never disciplined enough to do it but I do think it's a great idea! Of course you can do that digitally with the online catalogs or take photos of the current ones to save on your computer which can help reduce clutter.
    2. Evaluate the garden. Go back to last year and figure out the plants that did well and those that didn't. Then plan on replacing the poorly performing plants with other plants that have similar characteristics to those that did well. It's always helpful to make a list of the plants you grow in your garden for this purpose and evaluate each year. That's one reason I love the blog - I can look back at my garden and see a visual record of everything.

    3. Plan the garden budget! Here's another task I fail at often. Either things cost more than I plan for or I get  the impulse buy. Having a set budget will help to control your spending (or overspending). I tend to think in categories like "seeds and seed starting supplies", "plants", and "project materials." Plan the plants you need to replace. If you regularly buy annuals you know these are a reoccurring expense so plan ahead for them. The same goes for vegetables like tomatoes and peppers. If you are planning a major project like a new deck or a garden shed (I can speak from experience here) plan on it costing more than you think! Add at least 10% more to cover materials and possible as much as 25% more to give you a lot of wiggle room. If you come in under budget all is well (and you have a nice savings ready to buy new plants!) 

    4. Once you have your garden budget purchase your seeds. I've noticed that many retailers offer discounts for early shoppers. This may be more in the plant area than the seed department but is still worth noting. I like to order mainly heirloom seeds and plan on ordering from Baker's Creek. I've found their prices reasonable and their catalog will just make you hungry by looking at it! Other companies are out there like Renee's Garden and Seeds of Change who also have a great reputation.

    5. Get ready for later winter early spring cleanup! I always let my perennials stand with their dead branches held aloft and wait until late winter and early spring to cut them back. The extra canopy helps protect the crown of the plant from the cold by making an insulating pocket of air. It may not help all plants but those who are a little finicky when it comes to cold stand to benefit from the standing foliage. In the late winter when the temperatures are starting to warm I cut the foliage back and toss it in the compost bin and to get the garden ready for the next show!

      There are five things I try to do to help with spring planning, do you have any other ideas to add to the list?

      New Gardening Acquisitions

      It's that time of year when the leftovers of the gardening season go on sale at the nurseries and home improvement centers. The last of the stock plants are ready to go home like misbegotten playthings on the Island of Misfit Toys. For whatever reason these plants remained unsold and can now be found as a bargain for the thrifty gardener. While it is too dark to take pictures, I can at least tell you about my new found friends.

      Two bird's nest spruces will join the front garden in some fashion to add some evergreen foliage to the mix of mostly deciduous plants. Bird's nest spruce or Picea abies 'nidiformis' is a slow growing evergreen that grows to 3 to 5 feet tall and about the same width. It's named for the rounded shape that seems to leave an indention in the middle, very similar to a nest. One of them was for my daughter who while we were perusing plants in the nursery area of the big box store said "I want a plant" and held up a liriope. Knowing that we had more than enough liriope I said, "how would you like a small tree?" Her grin told me how much she liked that idea! I was going to get two of them anyway, but it turned out to be a small reward for her bravery in the face of flu shots.

      I also picked up a fringe flower (Loropetalum chinensis rubrum 'Blush'). I suspect that the blush is from it's fall color display since right now it's a beautiful shade of red-orange. It blooms in spring with string-like flowers similar to a Witch Hazel. It likes part sun and is hardy to zone 8. We are slightly colder than that (being zone 7-ish, who really knows?) but every now and then it's good to cheat the zones to test the cold tolerance of various plants. Needless to say it will have a very good layer of mulch around it before this weekend! It grows into a 4'-8' shrub. It may die back to the ground each year but hopefully we'll get a little more out of it. I'll position it close to the house near a paved surface of some kind.

      The last find was my favorite, a Japanese Maple! This Suminagashi Japanese Maple (Acer palmatum 'Sumi Nagashi') was nice to find at 50% off the original price. It's a skinny little tree right now but stands about 5 feet tall. It was a definite steal of a Japanese maple! It will one day grow to 25' x 15' but since Japanese maples are a slow growers it may take it some time. Speaking of time, now it's time to get them in the ground before the weekend hits, we have some cold nights ahead!

      Update: I planted the Japanese Maple this morning!


      Yesterday I Robbed LOWE'S

      Yesterday I was shopping at our local Lowe's home improvement store looking for weatherstripping for the garden shed. While there I casually sauntered over to the plant area (after picking up three rolls of foam insulation) to see what they had in stock. It's rare that I go to a store that has plants and don't take a look (unfortunately for the garden budget it's also rare that I don't bring something home!). It was there in the garden area that I spied the spoils that eventually came home with me:

      3 Dwarf crape myrtles from the Razzle Dazzle Collection!

      Not impressive at the moment but just wait until next summer!


      Neat Idea: Take pictures of your plant tags (front and back) then save them in a folder on your computer to reduce clutter around the house! I should take my own advice!

      A Montauk Daisy


      Edit: Soon after buying the 'Montauk' daisy I propagated it!


      and my favorite find Heuchera 'Southern Comfort'



      I also came home with some ground cover sedums but forgot to take a picture of them!

      Obviously I didn't steal anything from anyone but with the prices Lowe's had put on their plants it felt like I was robbing them blind. Each of those dwarf crape myrtles from the Razzle Dazzle collection was $0.25! Yes the decimal is in the right place. I checked to make sure they weren't dead by gently scraping a small piece of bark with my thumbnail until I found green underneath. They were alive and well but with a price like $0.25 I probably would have brought them home anyway in the hopes of the root systems coming back in the spring. The daisy was only 1.50 and the designer heuchera (really this thing is awesome) was...$2.50! A thief I am not but I'm never ashamed to take advantage of bargains like these!

      Have you found any good deals lately?



      Plant Swaps and Cold Feet

      Today was the day of the Middle Tennessee Plant Swap at Henry Horton State Park. If you missed it I really can't blame you. The weather was cold, wet, and pretty miserable. It reminded me of early December Christmas parades back when I was a band director, and I sure don't miss standing around in that weather! My wife and I gave our oldest daughter a choice whether to come with us or go to her grandparents house and she chose the plant swap. It was probably more for the big fancy playgrounds at the park than for her desire to see plants. Maybe one day her priorities will switch but for now we'll let a kid be a kid! Unfortunately for her the grass was wet, the playground was wet, which meant her shoes got wet and her feet got cold, very cold. We dressed her up very warmly but there is little cure for cold feet when you've outgrown your boots. She was miserable. It's definitely time for new boots. My wife and daughter ended up sitting in the car warming up while I traded plants. They did fine in the end and got to spend a little "mother and daughter time" but the unseasonable temperatures were not a friend on this day!

      I do have to say, if you missed the swap you also missed some great plants and great people. The temperatures may have kept some people away but the die-hard gardeners and swappers were there. And you know what? Die-hard gardeners have some really nice plants! I brought with me an assortment of herbs, perennials, cuttings, and a couple shrubs and came home with this:

      Ajuga, variegated
      Butterfly Bush, Honeybells
      Canna, Purple Foliage - Pinkish Blooms
      Canna, Red
      Canna, Yellow
      Chives
      Elephant ears
      Elephant ears, Black
      Forsythia, Kumson
      Grape Hyacinths
      Hibiscus, Rose of Sharon
      Hydrangea, Lacecap
      Iris, White reblooming
      Malaviscus arboreas
      Oxalis, Dark Purple
      Rose, 9 Various Cuttings
      Rose, Catholic Cemetary
      Salvia coccinea, pink
      Salvia coccinea, red
      Sedum
      Shasta daisy
      Swamp Sunflower


      Not a bad set of plants! The 'Kumson' forsythia is a variegated forsythia that offers more interest though the year than the standard yellow blooming shrub. The rose marked 'Catholic Cemetery' was a cutting the gardener took from Catholic Cemetery! The elephant ears will have to wait to go in the garden until after the spring frosts are done but should be pretty neat in the garden. What I like most about plant swaps is the increased diversity in my gardens when I come home. In my mind these are really free plants. The plants I bring to trade I either raised from seed or made from cuttings and are practically free which means anything I trade for is essentially the same. Swaps are a great way to increase the diversity of your garden without spending much money, and we're always looking for ways to save money!



      TGT: Saving Seeds and Cuttings

      Saving seeds and cuttings in the fall is one additional way you can save a few bucks for the next gardening season. In the fall, plants produce their final batch of seeds and the thrifty gardener can take advantage of this! Seeds in general aren't very expensive. You can find all sorts of mail order seed places and find a great variety of seeds but when you purchase lots of seeds the price can add up! Sometimes you can save interesting seeds that you may not be able to find in stores, or even hybridized seeds from plants in your landscape.

      Here's what I do when I save seeds:
      1. Collect the seeds in a container or bag that allows air to circulate.
      2. Let the seeds dry out for a few days. This prevents mildew and mold from forming.
      3. Put the seeds in a container. I'll be using baby food jars. They are perfect for storing small to moderate amounts of seeds and we have them in plentiful supply around our house! I plan to be very organized with it this year and place a label on each jar as I go with the type of seed, the year I collected it, and maybe even where I got the seed. Some seeds will remain viable for several years while others only one or two. If you have any packets of silica gel save them and toss them in to help keep the seeds dry over the winter.

      I mentioned before that you can store seeds of any hybrids you may have made. This summer I tried an experiment in hybridization with our hostas.


      I let my hostas go to flower. Then I took the stamen from a 'Patriot' hosta and touched it to several pistols on our 'Ginko Craig' hosta. I have absolutely no clue what they will become, if anything, but I'm excited to find out! A couple days ago I went and picked the pods from the 'Ginko Craig' hostas and popped one open. The pods were just beginning to brown which is usually when the seeds become viable.


      Sure enough there were mature black seeds ready for planting or saving. There were quite a few seeds inside of each pod and there were even seeds that had begun rooting!



      I planted a few seeds to grow inside the house over the fall and winter and the rest I'll save until midwinter and start indoors. The obsessive gardener gardens even in winter!


      Another great money saving technique that I talked about last week was by propagating through cuttings. This is particularly useful in the fall with tender perennials that are usually treated as annuals like coleus.


      Coleus is a breeze to propagate in a glass of water and can be grown as houseplants. Just take a few cuttings from your plants before the night time temperatures do damage to your coleus plants. Drop them in a jar and wait for them to root. Then pot them up in a nice decorative pot of your choice and grow them as houseplants. They may get leggy due to diminished light levels but all you need to do is pinch them back periodically, or better yet take more cuttings!



      You may want to just purchase plants at the beginning of each season but I've found that the stores don't always carry the same variety year after year. By saving those tender perennials I can bring back what I had last season and replace it where it once was, or find a new home for the plant. I did this last season with some "annual" verbena (tender perennial here in TN) and it has come back nicely this year!


      Well, it's time to go take some tender perennial cuttings and collect that seed!

      Here's what's on my seed collecting agenda:
      Gaillardia 'Oranges & Lemons', Zinnia, Rudbeckia, Coneflower, Salvia, Russian Sage, and anything else I run across!



      TGT: Plant Propagation by Cuttings

      Here is part 12 of The Home Garden's Series on Gardening on a budget (aka Thrifty Gardening Tips or simply cheap gardening!)

      Propagating plants by cuttings is by far the most common way I propagate plants. When you take a cutting from a plant you are making an exact genetic duplicate of the original plant. Essentially it's a clone. No you won't see any George Lucas movies about plant propagation (I don't even want to think about weeds using the Force. The dark side might win out in our yard!) These clones are taking advantage of the natural plant ability to produce more roots. In nature many plants make roots naturally through layering but by taking cuttings we can encourage the process on a larger scale.

      Taking cuttings is a simple process but there are a few terms you should know. Do you know what a node is? That's the spot where the leaves emerge from along the stem. That's important so you can tell the difference between nodal and internodal cuttings. Can you guess what they might be? You got it, nodal cuttings are taken just below a node and internodal cuttings are taken between the nodes! Now what about stem tip cuttings? OK I probably don't need to elaborate but just in case, stem tip cuttings are taken from the tip of the stem! I hope you were sitting down for that definition. Can you guess where basal stem cuttings come from? If you answered from the base of the stem or from the top of the root crown you would be correct!

      Now what did I leave out? Greenwood, semi-ripe and hardwood cuttings. These three terms usually refer to the age of the wood. Think of a new stem or branch growing on a plant. It starts off fresh, green, and happy then gradually changes and matures to become a denser and stronger branch with a hard outer surface. In the beginning it was greenwood and toward the end it became hardwood. Can you guess what it was in the middle? Yep semi-ripe! Think of semi-ripe wood like a banana. You buy it at the store when it's not quite ripe, with a little yellow and just a little green. It's not quite ripe, it's semi-ripe!

      Depending on what type of cutting you are taking there are some general guidelines for when to take them. Greenwood does best early in the growing season so try these kinds of cuttings in the spring and early summer. Semi-ripe cuttings should work well in summer while hardwood cuttings tend to do better in fall and over winter. These are just general guidelines and may not hold true for every plant. Most cuttings seem to do best from the first year's growth.

      One thing to always watch out for when taking cuttings is diseased material. It's a good bet that if you take a cutting from diseased material that the cutting will fail to root or the plant will be diseased as well. To avoid this take cuttings from good quality branches that show no signs of diseases. Also make sure you have clean pruners for your cuttings! A 5% bleach-water solution should clean your tools and keep them from transferring diseases from plant to cutting or plant to plant. This is a good idea to do periodically after pruning shrubs and trees anyway.

      I wrote in a post a while back about the basics of propagating plants by cuttings so I won't touch on that now but I can offer you a few tips that may help.
      1. Don't get frustrated. Many cuttings will fail and some will succeed. If one fails just toss it in the compost bin and try again.
      2. Always take a few more cuttings than you need. This will help to offset some of those failures. If you end up with extra plants give them to a friend, neighbor or take them to a plant exchange!
      3. Label the cuttings. If you're only working on one or two kinds of plants you may not need to worry about it but I've found that when I have several varieties of the same plant I forget which is which.
      4. Use a notebook to track what you've done. You can keep track of your success and failures, how you did things, and even write down the name of your favorite blog so you don't forget to check back. (Hopefully it's this one!)
      5. Once the plants have rooted try bottom watering. Just put the pot in a second container capable of holding some water. I've found that old store bought cake tops work good but you could do the same with cheap plastic ware. Then water into the outer container allowing the water to ease up into the pots from the drainage holes. It encourages deeper roots which is a good thing!

      Plants you can propagate:

      There are a huge number of plants that you can take cuttings from successfully. Way too many to list but if it has a stem with multiple nodes it can probably be done. Some plants are easy and other are difficult. Experimentation for me has been a lot of fun and very educational. Here's the list of plants I have successfully propagated so far:

      Catmint
      Chrysanthemums
      Coleus
      Coneflower
      Crape Myrtle
      Firethorn Pyracanthus augustofolia
      Variegated, Oak Leaf, Mophead)
      Japanese Dappled Willow
      ‘Hiroku Nishiki’

      Phlox
      Purple Leaf Plum
      Red Twig Dogwood
      Russian Sage Perovskia artriplicifolia
      Salvia nemorosa
      Salvia x farinacea
      Sedums (several kinds!)
      Silver mound (Artemisia)
      Spirea
      Verbena ‘Homestead Purple’
      Viburnum

      I hope you enjoyed this series of money saving gardening tips. Feel free to look back if you missed one by using the links below!

      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 1: Buying and Saving Discount Discount Plants
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 1 Follow Up: Buying and Saving Discount Plants
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 2: The Generosity of Gardeners
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 3: Save Gas, Only Mow Where You Go
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 4: Think Small Plants
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 5: Make Compost
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 6: Making a List
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 7: Know Thy Landscape
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 8: A Two Season Trick
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 9: Plant Propagation
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 10: Divide and Conquer
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 11: Layering Shrubs, Trees, and Perennials

      Don't forget to get involved in the Garden Blogger Fall Color Project, just click on the pic to learn more about it.


      TGT: Layering Shrubs, Trees and Perennials

      Part 11 of The Home Garden's weekly series about gardening on a budget (aka gardening cheap!)

      Layering is a fantastic way to increase your plants with very little risk and a high rate of success. It is a simple method of plant propagation where roots are encouraged to develop by covering stems and branches with soil or other mediums. There are several types of layering:

      1. Simple layering
      2. Trench layering
      3. Compound layering
      4. Tip layering
      5. Mounding
      6. Air layering

      The Advantage of Layering for the Home Gardener
      The biggest advantage of layering is that you have very little risk of losing your cuttings or the stock plant. The future cutting is still attached to the main plant and still receiving nutrients and water regularly while its roots are forming.

      The Disadvantage of Layering
      The only disadvantage is that it is a process that makes a limited number of new plants each time since suitable branches are fewer than possible viable cuttings.


      Simple layering
      This is where a branch is buried partially beneath the soil. Wound the area just beneath a bud by making small slit up to the bud. If you want you can make a small application of rooting hormone to encourage the rooting process. Then hold it open with a toothpick or sphagnum peat moss and place that section of stem underneath the soil. All you need to do now is wait until roots have formed. Check in 4-6 weeks and see if roots have grown sufficiently then you can separate the offspring from the mother plant either into it's own pot or into new location.


      Here's an example of one plant that I am trying to use layering to propagate. It's an arrowwood viburnum (Viburnum dentatum) that should turn a nice burgundy color in a few weeks. By the way, it's a discount plant!


      All I did was bury two stems underneath soil and mulch. I'll check them in a few weeks to see what is happening. If there isn't any rooting I'll just rebury the branches and check back again later. Patience is a virtue for the home propagator, which is something I need more of!


      Trench Layering
      Trench layering is very similar to simple layering. The greatest difference is that you use a longer section of plant to create multiple offspring rather than one. Make a trench for the branch to lay in then place the branch into it and cover it with soil. Like with simple layering you can wound the buds to encourage roots and apply rooting hormone but many plants suitable to trench layering like blackberries and raspberries don't need the help!

      Compound Layering
      This is a little more complex than simple layering. It is also known as serpentine layering since the method mimics the movement of snakes. Compound layering can be used to make multiple plants from one stem. Just layer each section of a long stem so that there is some plant exposed and some root covered. A good rule of thumb would be to layer a bud and expose a bud. Grapes are good candidates for compound layering.

      Tip Layering
      Tip layering is another good method of layering and is very successful with plants like forsythias! Just place the tip of a branch underneath the soil and wait. When new growth appears from the tip it may have roots.

      Mounding
      Mounding is a good technique for plants like heather. Just cover the base of the plant with extra soil/compost and allow the plant time to form roots along the covered branches. This is a technique that I need to try on my Mediterranean white heather. It is a great wintertime bloomer!

      Air Layering
      This is probably one of the more complex methods of plant propagation. It is much like simple layering except that you perform the operation in the air. You use the aerial branches for your rooting subjects. First wound the branch just like you would for layering and place a toothpick or sphagnum peat moss in the opening after treating with rooting hormone. Then pack the area with damp (not soggy) sphagnum peat moss and wrap with a piece of black plastic. Tie the ends of the plastic to seal it off. Always use dark plastic since it will keep out the light. If you let light in your chances of mold greatly increase.

      One quick tip: If the branch has trouble staying down you can pin it with a piece of a wire clothes hanger, some other kind of a wire, or even a rock!

      There you have a few more methods for propagating plants. As I mentioned before layering is usually a safer and easier method than taking cuttings. I'll be talking about the cuttings next week!

      Here's a look back at previous Thrifty Gardening Tips:


      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 1: Buying and Saving Discount Discount Plants
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 1 Follow Up: Buying and Saving Discount Plants
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 2: The Generosity of Gardeners
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 3: Save Gas, Only Mow Where You Go
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 4: Think Small Plants
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 5: Make Compost
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 6: Making a List
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 7: Know Thy Landscape
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 8: A Two Season Trick
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 9: Plant Propagation
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 10: Divide and Conquer

      TGT: Divide and Conquer

      For the 10th installment of The Home Garden's series on thrifty gardening we'll be talking about propagating plants by division!

      Learning how to divide plants is quite possibly one of the most useful skills that any gardener can learn to do. Many plants will eventually lose their vigor over time and dividing them is a great way to reinvigorate those plants for your garden. It's also a great way to get free plants!

      The first thing you need to find out is if it's a good time to divide. In general spring time is the best time to divide but many plants, can also be divided in the fall. For demonstration purposes I chose to divide a daylily. Partly because daylilies can be divided in the fall or spring and partly because I have a bunch of 'Stella D'Oro' daylilies from my fall divisions last year that I can play with!



      I began the division process by preparing a few pots for some of the offshoots to go into. You don't have to do this part but if you haven't decided where to put the new plants yet pots are a good option. I filled the pots about halfway with soil so that the daylilies would have plenty of room to grow. Some of the daylilies will go back into the garden.




      The next thing I did was dig up the daylily clump. I took my long handled shovel and lifted the clump with as much soil as I needed to to ensure that I didn't damage any roots. Then I knocked off the excess soil back into the hole.




      Next I washed up the daylily roots so they were mostly clear of dirt and I could easily see where to make to make the separations at. Sometimes it's easy to see and other times you have to work them around a little to find them but washing them helps. I just used a bucket of water and dipped them a few times. The water also helps to keep the roots moist during it's operation.



      After finding each section I gently pried them apart with my hands. Sometimes you can use garden forks to separate clumps but in this case I decided to separate the daylily into smaller pieces to make more plants.


      I continued the process until I had 10 new plants which still left me with an adequate clump to put back in the original daylily's place.


      Of the 9 smaller clumps I put five of them in pots...



      ...and 4 in the garden area around the patio.

      Even though they are somewhat small their root systems should continue to grow over the fall and will quickly become full sized flowering plants by next year.




      It's a fairly easy process that I think anyone can do. In my experience ornamental grasses are harder to divide than daylilies. The grasses have tighter and stronger root systems that make separation more difficult. Usually when I divide tough ornamental grasses I'll use a sharp shovel blade and just cut through the sides of the plant. It may be rough but those grasses can usually take it.


      It's called division but I think an effective argument could be made to call it multiplication!

      Next Week: Layering

      Previous Thrifty Gardening Tips:

      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 1: Buying and Saving Discount Discount Plants
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 1 Follow Up: Buying and Saving Discount Plants
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 2: The Generosity of Gardeners
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 3: Save Gas, Only Mow Where You Go
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 4: Think Small Plants
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 5: Make Compost
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 6: Making a List
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 7: Know Thy Landscape
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 8: A Two Season Trick
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 9: Plant Propagation

      Thrifty Gardening Tips: Plant Propagation

      Here is Part 9 of The Home Garden's weekly series about gardening on a budget.

      Plant propagation, at last, my favorite subject! I was saving the plant propagation post for the last few segments of this series on gardening cheap. Plant propagation is one of the most inexpensive ways to make more plants and expand your gardens. There are several methods of propagating plants and three of the most common ways are through through division, through layering, and through cuttings. Each of these methods has a few advantages that are worth looking at. Some of these methods will work for some plants but may not be effective for others. Here is a short summary of these methods. I'll follow-up on each of these methods individually over the following weeks.

      Division

      Dividing plants is a very good method of propagation for many clump forming species of plants. Hostas, heucheras, daylilies, ornamental grasses, and many other perennials will not only tolerate but sometimes need to be divided. It is better to divide most plants in the spring when they are actively growing and the roots can take some abuse but some will successfully divide in the fall. You don't have to divide plants until they have developed a dead hole toward the center, but if you would like more plants faster, divide away!


      Layering
      Layering is a safe strategy for many plants. It involves burying a length of a low growing stem underneath the soil until it develops roots. Then the gardener can sever the new plant from the mother plant and plant somewhere else in the garden. To speed up the process the stem can be wounded and applied with rooting hormone but many plants naturally layer by themselves. Viburnums, forsythias, and azaleas are good candidates for layering along with many other shrubs. This is a safe method of propagation since the stem remains attached to the main plant until roots are formed. There is very little risk involved for the cuttings. The biggest disadvantage is that you can't make as many plants as you can with cuttings.

      Cuttings
      This is probably the area I have the most fun experimenting with in my garden. There are several different types of cuttings you can take from stem tips to basal root cuttings. Some plants take to cuttings readily while others can be a difficult challenge. Most perennials will easily work with stem tip cuttings or basal stem cuttings. Trees and shrubs can be more difficult, but if the plant creates suckers there may be good rooting material. My favorite shrub for propagating through cuttings is the red twig dogwood. I've found that they work best as hardwood cuttings done over winter. Salvias, verbena, Russian sage, catmint and many other perennials work well as stem tip cuttings.

      Next week I'll talk more in detail about propagating plants with division. So stay tuned!

      For More Thrifty Gardening Tips:

      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 1: Buying and Saving Discount Discount Plants
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 1 Follow Up: Buying and Saving Discount Plants
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 2: The Generosity of Gardeners
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 3: Save Gas, Only Mow Where You Go
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 4: Think Small Plants
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 5: Make Compost
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 6: Making a List
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 7: Know Thy Landscape
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 8: A Two Season Trick

      Thrifty Gardening Tips: A Two Season Trick

      Here is Part 8 of The Home Garden's Weekly series about how to garden on a budget.

      I call it the Two Season Trick but there really isn't much of a trick to it. Just plan in fall for spring and plan in spring for fall! Or as a general rule plan ahead at least two seasons. The budgetary savings here may not seem so obvious but if we dig a little deeper you will find it.


      Bulbs


      Suppose you want bulbs to be blooming in the spring. You can either plant them in the fall or wait until they are sold in stores already blooming in pots in the spring. The plants you buy in the spring will cost more, besides fall is the best time to plant most bulbs.

      New Plants: Perennials, Shrubs, and Trees

      I mentioned earlier in this series about buying smaller plants and that's where planning ahead two seasons can really make a difference. A smaller plant purchased a couple seasons early will eventually end up just as good if not better than the larger one purchased in season.

      Most garden centers (I'm not including nurseries in this) will sell you the plants when they are blooming. People see the blooming plants and are immediately drawn to them. If you go ahead and buy the blooming plants you will spend more than if you purchase them before they have bloomed.

      Buy your perennials in the fall when the sales are happening and you not only save money but you get a plant established for the spring season. A perennial, shrub, or tree planted in the fall will get the advantage of a winter's worth of root growth. Slow though they may be roots still grow when it's cold, as long as the ground isn't frozen!

      'Snow Hill' Salvia x superba


      Garden Beds

      Preparing your garden beds a couple seasons before you need them is a good way to save a few bucks. In fact preparing your garden beds in fall before you need them in the spring is probably the best time to do it. It also requires less effort, just use the news! Newspaper that is. Lay down several layers of wet newspaper where you want your garden or flower bed to be. Then layer grass clippings, shredded leaves, and mulch over it. When spring comes you will have a ready made garden bed, itching to be planted. If you want to you could add other organic materials like compost or peat into the mix. This will save you time in the spring and better prepare your garden for planting your favorite perennials. By applying the grass clippings and shredded leaves you add organic material that will help to enrich the soil which will reduce the fertilizer you may be tempted to use during the growing season.


      For a look at the previous Thrifty Gardening Tips check out these posts:

      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 1: Buying and Saving Discount Discount Plants
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 1 Follow Up: Buying and Saving Discount Plants
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 2: The Generosity of Gardeners
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 3: Save Gas, Only Mow Where You Go
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 4: Think Small Plants
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 5: Make Compost
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 6: Making a List
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 7: Know Thy Landscape

      Thrifty Gardening Tips: Know Thy Landscape

      Here is Part 7 of The Home Garden's weekly series of posts about gardening on a budget.

      Last week I talked about making lists for your garden. I mentioned lists for plants you want, plants that did well and didn't, project lists, and the consolidated list, but another good way to save money while gardening is to know your landscape. This is extremely important in order to plant the right plant in the right place. How many times have you heard that saying? It's true though. Some plants are extremely forgiving for the home gardener, like the zinnias I mentioned yesterday, but there are many others that can be picky. They may not like getting their feet wet, or they might love soggy soil. If you figure out what you have before you plant you stand a good chance of being successful in your gardening endeavors.

      Here is a short list of questions that might help you to learn your landscape!

      1. How much sun do you get in each garden area? Do you have areas of shade or will your plants need to be sun-worshipers?
      2. What kind of soil do you have? Is it clay, loamy, or sandy? Or all bits of all three? Is it alkaline or acidic?
      3. What kind of moisture can you expect in your climate?
      4. What plants, trees and shrubs are already established?
      5. Do you have a large slope or is it mostly flat ground?
      6. Do you have large areas to take care of or a smaller plot?

      Can you think of any other good questions to ask yourself about your garden? These questions are just a few that might help when determining what types of plants to add to your garden. It takes time to learn your landscape but as you go you will know what limitations and what features your garden has!



      For more tips on how to garden on a budget visit these other Thrifty Gardening Tip posts!

      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 1: Buying and Saving Discount Discount Plants
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 1 Follow Up: Buying and Saving Discount Plants
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 2: The Generosity of Gardeners
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 3: Save Gas, Only Mow Where You Go
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 4: Think Small Plants
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 5: Make Compost
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 6: Making a List

      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part Six: Making a List

      Here is Part Six of The Home Garden's series of posts on how to garden on a budget.

      I began planning this post with the intention of talking about the importance of planning a garden. After typing and typing I realized that this is a subject so large that it really needed to be broken down into smaller sections. One of the first things I like to do to plan out my projects, gardens and plantings is to make a list! Just consider this Dave's take on garden list making or even Garden List Making 101!

      Why make a list? For me it helps me to organize my thoughts and ideas. I can start as broad as I want to and write down everything I can think of or be fairly narrow and specific.

      How does making a list save you money? First think of the different kinds of lists you can make that are related to your garden and you will see how they can be used to organize your garden budget.



      The List of Plants I Want
      This is a fun list to make. I just go through the garden catalogs either the physical ones that come through the mail or online and select anything I might want in my garden in the future. Then I can easily break the list down into smaller chunks based on plant type, color or garden location. Then when I see the plant at a discount, on sale, or at a plant swap (there's a Thrifty Gardening Tip for another time!) I can pick it up at that reduced rate.

      The List of Plants I Have
      This could be a very helpful list to prevent buying the same plant again. Of course you may want that same plant again and this list will ensure that you can find and match the same name. Or you could just buy one and propagate the rest (you can bet that topic will be a future tip)! I recommend writing down the botanical name and the cultivar name on the list. The botanical name is by far more important since often there can be several variety names.

      The What Worked and What Didn't List
      Gardeners experiment with new plants often, it's just a gardening fact of life! Keep track of those plants that did well and you can use them again but also keep track of those that failed or did poorly so that you will remember and can prevent history from repeating itself!

      The List of Gardens and Plants
      This list has all of the plants from each garden area in the yard. If you find a compatible plant that would work well in that garden you can add it to your collection. It is also helpful if you notate the amount of sun and shade that the garden gets.

      The Future Project List
      I made a short project list just the other day. This list not only helps to stay organized but can aid in mapping out the cost of the projects. Once you know the project cost then you can fit it into your budget.

      The Consolidated List
      The first four lists could easily be consolidated into one great big garden list perfect for your garden notebook. Just take the elements you feel are important and write them down in a spreadsheet type format (or use the spreadsheet program on your computer).

      Here's an example of a list I might put together for my Birdbath Garden.

      Botantical
      Name
      Common NameNumberSun/ShadeGardenSuccess?
      BuddlejaButterfly Bush1Full
      Sun
      Bird
      Bath
      Very
      Good
      Coreopsis
      'Sunfire'
      Tickseed3Full
      Sun
      Bird
      Bath
      Very
      Good
      Salvia
      Nemorosa

      'Caradonna'
      Salvia5Full
      Sun
      Bird
      Bath
      Very
      Good
      Echinacea
      'Sunset'
      Coneflower2Full
      Sun
      Bird
      Bath
      One
      Very Good,
      One
      Getting By

      I could have added many more categories for the table but this might be a good way to chart the success of certain plants in different parts of the garden. If I were to use a spreadsheet I would be able to sort each category, which would be a major advantage!

      By making lists you enable yourself to have the best information of what your garden is, what it wasn't, and what it will be. If you follow your lists, you will save money. But making lists will only work if you stick to it. That doesn't mean that you can't spontaneously buy a new plant every now and then, but the lists could aid you in the decision process.

      For more tips on how to garden on a budget visit these other Thrifty Gardening Tip posts!

      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 1: Buying and Saving Discount Discount Plants
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 1 Follow Up: Buying and Saving Discount Plants
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 2: The Generosity of Gardeners
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 3: Save Gas, Only Mow Where You Go
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 4: Think Small Plants
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 5: Make Compost

      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 5: Make Compost

      Here is Part 5 of The Home Garden's series of tips on how to garden on a budget.

      One of the best fertilizers has to be compost. It's cheap, easy to create, and makes plants grow like crazy. With compost you can replace most of your fertilizer use! Now why don't more people do it? Maybe because they believe composting is difficult to accomplish, or maybe it sounds complicated, or maybe they just never thought about it. Whatever the reason is composting is a very good way to feed your plants and it keeps green waste from ending up in landfills.

      What is compost? Simply put it is the leftovers of organic materials after beneficial bacterias, worms, fungi, and other organisms have had their fill. Those leftovers have nutrients that plants need to grow strong and healthy like nitrogen and carbon.

      What can you compost? A whole lot of stuff! Kitchen scraps, egg shells, animal manure (not from dogs and cats), leaves and grass clippings, and virtually anything that was at one time a plant! (Avoid black walnut leaves since they a chemical they emit can actually inhibit plant growth.)

      How do you use compost? You can supplement or make potting mixes with compost, spread it over new and existing garden beds, and even make a tea for your plants. To make the tea just put a couple spadefuls of compost in a bucket of water and let it steep overnight. Then either pour it onto the plants you want to treat or strain it and put it into a spray bottle to treat the foliage.

      With compost it's a good idea to have a designated spot in your yard where you can let it cook over time. You can do this in all sorts of ways.

      Here are a few ideas for compost bins:

      1. You can create a homemade bin using wooden stakes and chicken wire. Just set the corner stakes in the ground and wrap the wire around the bin and you're done!
      2. You can set up a bin using old wooden palettes. Just prop three palettes up on their ends and attach the corners together. Then get a brace board for the front and you're bin is about ready. You may want to put a removable chicken wire cover on the front for easy compost access!
      3. You can use cinder block or retaining wall stones to create a very solid bin in nearly any form that you wish. Just be sure the bottom layer is solid or the top will become unstable.
      4. You can even (if you want to spend money!) buy a fancy rotating bin from garden suppliers like Gardener's Supply Company! The advantage of turning your compost regularly is an increased air supply for the bacteria that is doing the hard work.
      5. The cheapest and easiest method (although also the most untidy!) is just to make a dump pile! Just find an area of your yard that you can tolerate a pile of compostable materials and start dumping.

      You hear a lot about the proper way to build a compost pile, which if done properly will decompose very quickly, but even without the proper mix of brown and green materials it will decompose if given enough time.

      Here are a couple of general guidelines that may help speed along you're compost if you are so inclined!

      1. Keep it moist but not soggy.
      2. The smaller the pieces you put in the faster they will decompose.
      3. Balance the ingredients. A good mix of green and brown materials will optimize the decay.
      4. Make sure it has enough heat. If doesn't feel warmer than the air around you add some more green materials (nitrogen).
      5. Turn the compost every now and then to increase air circulation.

      For some excellent information on everything you need to know about compost go to Compostguide.com!

      Here's quick look at some composters available on the market (from Gardener's Supply).




      For more tips on how to garden on a budget visit these other Thrifty Gardening Tips posts!

      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 1: Buying and Saving Discount Discount Plants
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 1 Follow Up: Buying and Saving Discount Plants
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 2: The Generosity of Gardeners
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 3: Save Gas, Only Mow Where You Go
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 4: Think Small Plants

      Thrifty Gardening Tips: Think Small Plants

      Here is Part 4 in The Home Garden's series of posts about how to garden on a budget.

      Often when people go to the plant nursery they look around and see what they can get for that immediate impact in their landscape. They see larger more established plants and can easily see how they will fit in their garden. If these same people just stop and look around they might find a smaller and cheaper alternative! If you think smaller plants you will not only save money but sometimes you will end up with just as good of a plant just as fast.



      Plants at nurseries come in all sizes from tiny little 2 inch pots to large gallon pots capable of holding fairly large trees. In general the larger a plant is the more mature and expensive it is. Smaller plants have a great advantage over the larger ones: the root systems are smaller. Why are smaller roots an advantage? The smaller root system will grow faster than a more established root system in new soil since it is better able to adapt to the ground conditions of your garden. This effect is easily illustrated with trees. When you plant two trees of the same kind in the same conditions, with the only difference being their size, the smaller one will eventually catch up to the larger one. It's all because of the roots!


      Fast growing trees are another pitfall people purchasing plants may possibly encounter (how's that for alliteration!) Take a crape myrtle for example. They are extremely fast growing trees/shrubs that can in one season grow 4-6 feet depending on the variety. When you have a plant that grows that fast why buy the one that is twice as large? You won't be able to tell the difference in one year and you might save 20 bucks!

      Sometimes it pays to be patient. This past Saturday I went bargain hunting at one of our local nurseries and found a plant I've been wanting to add to our garden, Caryopteris x clandonensis or blue mist shrub. My 4 new Caryopteris 'Longwood Blue's will grow into 3-4 foot shrubs with blue blossoms that will attract butterflies and hummingbirds. These purchases were young plants, not discount plants, that were in 4 inch pots. I only payed $1.99 for each of them. Next year these four perennial shrubs will be thick with foliage and blooms and I'll have saved a bundle.

      You really can save money when you buy smaller plants as long as you can wait for good things to come!







      Take a Look Back at some of the previous Thrifty Gardening Tips!


      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 1: Buying and Saving Discount Discount Plants
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 1 Follow Up: Buying and Saving Discount Plants
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 2: The Generosity of Gardeners
      Thrifty Gardening Tips Part 3: Save Gas, Only Mow Where You Go